In recent years, a growing awareness of the language we use to describe cannabis has sparked significant discussion among advocates, historians, and casual users alike. Central to this conversation is the term “marijuana,” a word that has become imbued with a complex and troubling history that reveals deep-seated racism and manipulation. The term “marijuana” was popularized in the United States during the early 20th century, largely in the context of the anti-cannabis campaigns that emerged amidst rising xenophobia. At that time, cannabis was already being used in various forms for medicinal purposes, but its association with Mexican immigrants—who brought the recreational use of the plant to the US—led to its vilification. The shift to using “marijuana” instead of the scientifically recognized term “cannabis” was no accident. It was part of a broader strategy to demonize the plant and those who used it, painting a narrative that linked cannabis use with crime and moral decay.
This manipulation reached its peak in the 1930s with the publication of Harry Anslinger’s propaganda campaign, which portrayed marijuana users—primarily those of Hispanic and African descent—as dangerous and unhinged. Pervasive media portrayals and political discourse framed cannabis as a “drug of the devil,” perpetuating stereotypes that continue to haunt discussions about cannabis use today. The demonization of marijuana was not merely a cultural phenomenon; it had lasting legal ramifications, resulting in the Marijuana Tax Act of 1937, which effectively criminalized the substance and laid the groundwork for decades of punitive drug policies. Today, as the conversation around cannabis legalization gains momentum, many advocates argue that reclaiming the term “cannabis” is essential for dismantling the stigmas rooted in its racist history. “Using ‘cannabis’ instead of ‘marijuana’ helps to remove the negative connotations that have been unfairly attached to the plant and acknowledges its therapeutic potential,” says Dr. Emily Chen, a cannabis researcher and educator. Furthermore, the push to use “cannabis” aligns with broader movements for social justice and equity, particularly in addressing the disproportionate impact of drug laws on marginalized communities.
As states across the nation move toward legalization, there is an urgent call for policies that not only decriminalize cannabis but also rectify the historical injustices faced by those who have been impacted by the war on drugs. As lawmakers and advocates work to reshape the narrative around cannabis, it becomes imperative to recognize the power of language and the histories it carries. By choosing to use “cannabis,” society can take a vital step toward healing the wounds inflicted by years of discrimination while embracing a future where the plant is appreciated for its medicinal and recreational benefits, free from the shadow of its troubled past. In this evolving dialogue, understanding the roots of the term “marijuana” is not just an academic exercise; it is a necessary component of forging a more equitable landscape for cannabis policy and use. As we move forward, let us choose our words wisely and honor the truth behind cannabis’s rich history, ensuring that the voices of those who have fought against stigma and oppression are heard and respected.